Background: Nowadays, Medical error as a major challenge has been attention of health authorities and community. The main purpose of this study was survey of medical errors in Shiraz public hospitals. Materials & Methods: This study was a survey which conducted as analytical in 2013. Study population was Shiraz public hospitals which 10 hospitals were examined. Standard checklist was used for collecting data of medical error documentations. Data entered in SPSS software version 21 and used of descriptive, spearman and chi-square test for data analysis. Results: the number of medical errors in hospitals during the one year was 4379 recorded and the most of error was related to larger hospitals. Nurses committed wrong more than other groups and systemic error had the highest frequency. There was a significant relationship between trespassing, time and type of error, (P=0.000). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between type of error with wards and hospitals). P=0.000, P=0.011 respectively) Conclusion: The number of errors occurring in hospitals is symptoms of poor performance, therefore to prevent and reduce the medical errors and costs, managers should pay more attention to hospital performance and treatment guidelines are revised. Moreover, the hospital staff, especially nurses should pay more attention to their activities.

Keywords: medical errors, hospital, nurse, Shiraz

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