Journal of

Background: Oppression as a phenomenon experienced by most of nurses might have a background in the historical, social, cultural, political and economic structures of a country. This study aimed to criticize and explore the phenomenon of oppression in nursing literature in order to find an explanation to manage the problem.

Materials & Methods: A literature review was conducted by performing a search on scientific databases (Pub Med, CINAHL & Ovid) using the key terms such as ―nurse/ nursing‖, and ―oppression‖ systematically. Eventually 31 articles published during recent two decades were selected to get reviewed.

Results: In this study, there has been an effort to define the terminology of oppression`s concepts and its historical background, attributes, and consequences. Furthermore, this study considered introducing available models and theories and preventive approaches and managing this phenomenon in nursing profession.

Conclusion: Hierarchal structures in hospital environment provide conducive conditions for the oppression to emerge. Presence and consistency of the phenomenon and its consequences have irreparable effects on nurses as well as  their organization, patients and care quality. Adopting practical and effective strategies in a framework of supportive, informative, and educational actions and managerial policies from authorities and related organizations could create an effective environment, which will result in unity, empowerment and self-confidence of nurses.